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<Background and Purpose>

   ◎ The government is seeking to transform the way it manages the performance of budgetary programs in light of the recently sharp increase in expenditure.

      － The purpose is to maximize the value generated by government expenses through more efficient use of limited resources and their strategic allocation.

      － To achieve this, the government will shift its focus away from project units and reorient its performance management around program units.

   ◎ The Ministry of National Defense will also have to transition to a system of performance management that is consistent with the change the government intends.

      － In particular, the defense budget will need to have a more strategic direction. Performance management will also have to be oriented around the kind of outcomes that can be more readily appreciated by the public.

   ◎ This calls for a study that evaluates the current state of performance management and lays the groundwork for a better way forward. In particular, the study will need to supply a more rational set of program objectives and performance indicators to be used in monitoring performance.

<Research Results>

  ◎ We propose restructuring the MND programs so that their performance can be managed on a program-by-program basis.

     － The 11 programs that exist today should be regrouped into 13 so that each of them can be managed by a single MND bureau. The regrouped programs should consist of component projects that have a high level of mutual affinity. The regrouping should also enhance accountability for performance management.

  ◎ Program objectives: we propose rephrasing the program objectives so that they are better suited for the purpose of performance management and achievement of policy objectives.

     － The program objectives should be expressed in such a way that their relevance to higher strategic goals is more apparent along with the most representative projects that they contain. Ultimately, the objective should articulate the specific end state the program is meant to accomplish.

  ◎ Performance indicator: we develop a set of indicators that can be used to monitor the performance of each program where necessary.

     － We propose 33 indicators in all (with 24 outcome indicators and 23 quantitative indicators) that can be used across 13 programs. The indicators have been generated using logic models.

     － We supply the justification for and limitations of each indicator, hoping to present a range of options that can assure a reasonable level of reliability and utility in the practice of managing performance.